Many language
learners regard speaking ability as the measure of knowing a language. These learners
define fluency as the ability to converse with others, much more than the
ability to read, write, or comprehend oral language. They regard speaking as
the most important skill they can acquire, and they assess their progress in
terms of their accomplishments in spoken communication.
Language
learners need to recognize that speaking involves three areas of knowledge:
- Mechanics
(pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary): Using the right words in the
right order with the correct pronunciation
- Functions
(transaction and interaction): Knowing when clarity of message is
essential (transaction/information exchange) and when precise
understanding is not required (interaction/relationship building)
- Social
and cultural rules and norms (turn-taking, rate of speech, length of
pauses between speakers, relative roles of participants): Understanding
how to take into account who is speaking to whom, in what circumstances,
about what, and for what reason.
In
the communicative model of language teaching, instructors help their students
develop this body of knowledge by providing authentic practice that prepares
students for real-life communication situations. They help their students
develop the ability to produce grammatically correct, logically connected
sentences that are appropriate to specific contexts, and to do so using
acceptable (that is, comprehensible) pronunciation.
I think speaking is a skill that difficult. The English speaking skills will focus on the accuracy of the language for vocabulary, grammar and voice.
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